/* PLSE@UCSB, one sheet.
   A sheet of paper laid on a drawn coastline.
   Grid: 4px base. Text column 640px inside a 736px sheet.
   Type: Fraunces (display), Literata (text), Inter (labels), Fira Code (numbers). */

:root {
  --font-body: 'Literata', Charter, 'Iowan Old Style', Cambria, Georgia, serif;
  --font-display: 'Fraunces', 'Literata', Charter, Cambria, Georgia, serif;
  --font-ui: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Arial, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: 'Fira Code', ui-monospace, 'SF Mono', Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

  /* the desk the sheet lies on */
  --sand: #e9e3d5;
  /* the sheet and its ink */
  --paper: #fcfaf4;
  --text: #1d1b17;
  --muted: #5f5950;     /* 6.5:1 on paper */
  --faint: #8f887b;     /* numbers only */
  --rule: #1d1b17;
  --hair: #e3dccc;
  --link: #1b3c8c;
  --navy: #003660;      /* UCSB navy */
  --gold: #febc11;      /* UCSB gold */
  --award: #a01d12;
  --wash: #f1ece0;

  --col: 840px;
  --gutter: 60px;
  --year: 3.4rem;
  --lift: 176px;
  --ease: cubic-bezier(.16, 1, .3, 1);

  --grain: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='180' height='180'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.85' numOctaves='3' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 .32 0 0 0 0 .25 0 0 0 0 .14 0 0 0 .55 -.2'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 20px;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  text-size-adjust: 100%;
  background: var(--sand);
}
body {
  position: relative;
  margin: 0;
  padding: var(--lift) 0 56px;
  background: var(--grain), var(--sand);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  font-feature-settings: 'kern', 'liga', 'onum';
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}
::selection { background: rgba(254, 188, 17, .35); }

/* ---------- the Isla Vista cove, drawn from the OpenStreetMap coastline ----------
   seen from campus: the sea above, surf and sand along the shore, the bluffs below */
.map {
  position: absolute; inset: 0 0 auto 0; z-index: 0;
  display: block;
  width: 100%; height: 400px;
  fill: none;
  stroke: var(--navy);
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform: scaleX(-1);
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #000 55%, transparent 100%);
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #000 55%, transparent 100%);
}
.map .wash { fill: #cfdcdb; stroke: none; }
.map .sand { fill: #f3ead6; stroke: none; }
.map .c { stroke-width: .8; }
.map .coast { stroke-width: 1.1; opacity: .55; }
.map .land { opacity: calc(.3 - var(--i) * .045); }
.map .sea { stroke: #2d5d73; opacity: calc(.42 - var(--i) * .026); }
.map .surf { stroke: #fff; stroke-width: 1.4; opacity: .85; }

/* ---------- the sheet ---------- */
#page {
  position: relative; z-index: 1;
  max-width: calc(var(--col) + 2 * var(--gutter));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 16px var(--gutter) 28px;
  background: var(--grain), var(--paper);
  box-shadow:
    0 0 0 1px rgba(70, 55, 30, .06),
    0 1px 2px rgba(70, 55, 30, .08),
    0 18px 44px -22px rgba(40, 45, 50, .45);
}
ul, ol { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
p { margin: 0 0 8px; }
b, strong { font-weight: 600; }
em { font-style: italic; }
img { max-width: 100%; }

a {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: transparent;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: .2em;
  transition: text-decoration-color .2s ease;
}
a:hover { text-decoration-color: currentColor; }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--link); outline-offset: 2px; border-radius: 1px; }
:focus:not(:focus-visible) { outline: none; }

.skip {
  position: absolute; left: 8px; top: -40px; z-index: 10;
  padding: 6px 10px; background: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: 13px;
}
.skip:focus { top: 8px; }

/* ---------- nav ---------- */
nav {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-around;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
nav a {
  position: relative;
  padding: 6px 12px 9px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .005em;
  text-decoration: none;
}
/* the turnstile sits in the left padding, so the label never moves */
nav a::before {
  content: "\22A2";
  position: absolute;
  left: -3px;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(-4px);
  transition: opacity .18s ease, transform .25s var(--ease);
}
nav a:hover::before { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

/* ---------- letterhead ---------- */
header { padding: 30px 0 4px; }
h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  color: var(--navy);
  font-size: 38px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
  font-variation-settings: 'opsz' 96;
}
.subtitle {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: #3e3a33;
  font-size: 17px;
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* ---------- sections ---------- */
section { margin-top: 36px; }
h2 {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  padding-bottom: 3px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 19px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  letter-spacing: -.004em;
  font-variation-settings: 'opsz' 36;
}
h3 {
  margin: 20px 0 10px;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .005em;
  color: var(--text);
}
h2 + h3 { margin-top: 14px; }
.lede {
  text-align: justify;
  text-wrap: pretty;
  hyphens: auto;
  -webkit-hyphens: auto;
  hyphenate-limit-chars: 7 3 3;
  -webkit-hyphenate-limit-before: 3;
  -webkit-hyphenate-limit-after: 3;
}
/* a three-line initial, as in a printed essay */
.lede::first-letter {
  float: left;
  margin: .06em .1em 0 -.02em;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 3.55em;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: .82;
  color: var(--navy);
  font-variation-settings: 'opsz' 144;
}
.note { margin: 12px 0 0; font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }

/* current work, numbered like a paper's contributions */
ol.focus { list-style: none; counter-reset: f; }
ol.focus li {
  counter-increment: f;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2.25em 1fr;
  align-items: baseline;
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
ol.focus li::before {
  content: "(" counter(f) ")";
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--faint);
}

/* ---------- shared row grid: year column + content ---------- */
.rows { list-style: none; }
.rows > li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: var(--year) 1fr;
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: 9px 0 10px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hair);
}
.rows > li:first-child { border-top: 0; padding-top: 2px; }
.rows > li > span { min-width: 0; }
time {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
/* a year is printed once, at the head of its run */
.rows > li.cont time { visibility: hidden; }
.rows .title { font-weight: 600; }
.rows .desc, .authors { display: block; margin-top: 1px; }
.authors { font-size: 15.5px; line-height: 1.5; color: #2b2823; }
.authors b { color: var(--text); }
.venue {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 3px;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums;
}
.award { margin-left: .55em; color: var(--award); font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; }
.award::before { content: "\2605"; margin-right: .3em; font-size: .92em; }

/* the complete list: same grid, tighter leading */
.compact > li { padding: 7px 0 8px; }
.compact .authors { font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.45; }
.compact .venue { margin-top: 2px; }

/* ---------- publications: first page in the margin ---------- */
.pubs > li {
  grid-template-columns: var(--year) 1fr 64px;
  padding: 12px 0 13px;
}
.pubs > li:first-child { padding-top: 4px; }
.pubs > li > span { padding-right: 22px; }
.thumb {
  position: relative;
  align-self: start;
  display: block;
  width: 64px;
  margin-top: 3px;
  line-height: 0;
}
.thumb > img {
  display: block;
  width: 64px; height: 83px;
  object-fit: cover; object-position: top;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(60, 50, 30, .14), 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 50, 30, .12);
  transition: transform .35s var(--ease), box-shadow .35s ease;
}
.thumb:hover > img {
  transform: translateY(-2px) rotate(-1.2deg);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(60, 50, 30, .14), 0 8px 16px -8px rgba(40, 30, 10, .45);
}
/* the page, lifted off the sheet beside its thumbnail */
.peek {
  position: absolute; z-index: 5;
  right: calc(100% + 18px); top: -14px;
  width: 292px;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow:
    0 0 0 1px rgba(60, 50, 30, .12),
    0 2px 4px rgba(40, 30, 10, .08),
    0 24px 48px -16px rgba(30, 30, 40, .45);
  opacity: 0; visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateX(8px) scale(.97);
  transform-origin: right top;
  transition: opacity .2s ease, transform .35s var(--ease), visibility 0s linear .35s;
}
.peek img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 720 / 932; object-fit: cover; object-position: top; }
@media (hover: hover) and (min-width: 761px) {
  .thumb:hover .peek {
    opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: none;
    transition: opacity .2s ease .12s, transform .4s var(--ease) .12s, visibility 0s linear .12s;
  }
}

/* ---------- expandable ---------- */
.toggle {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
  margin: 8px 0 0 -8px; padding: 5px 10px 5px 8px;
  border: 0; border-radius: 2px; background: none; cursor: pointer;
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2;
  color: var(--link);
  transition: background-color .2s ease;
}
.toggle:hover { background: var(--wash); }
.toggle .chev {
  display: inline-block; width: .6em;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-weight: 500;
  transition: transform .35s var(--ease);
}
.toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .chev { transform: rotate(90deg); }
.toggle .count {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--faint);
}
.toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .count { display: none; }

.collapse { display: grid; grid-template-rows: 0fr; transition: grid-template-rows .5s var(--ease); }
.collapse > div { overflow: hidden; min-height: 0; }
.collapse.open { grid-template-rows: 1fr; }
.collapse > div > .rows > li:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--hair); padding-top: 9px; }
.collapse .rows > li {
  opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-3px);
  transition: opacity .3s ease, transform .35s var(--ease);
}
.collapse.open .rows > li { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

/* ---------- people ---------- */
.people {
  list-style: none;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 24px 26px;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.people a { display: block; color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
.people img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 1; object-fit: cover;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  background: var(--wash);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(60, 50, 30, .16);
  transition: transform .3s var(--ease), box-shadow .3s ease;
}
.people a:hover img {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(60, 50, 30, .16), 0 8px 16px -8px rgba(40, 30, 10, .4);
}
.people b {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 1px;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: transparent;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: .2em;
  transition: text-decoration-color .2s ease;
}
.people a:hover b { text-decoration-color: currentColor; }
.people .yrs { display: block; color: var(--text); font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums; }
.people .now { display: block; }

/* ---------- colophon ---------- */
.orn {
  display: block;
  width: 44px; height: 9px;
  margin: 44px auto 0;
  fill: none; stroke: var(--navy); stroke-width: 1.4; stroke-linecap: round;
  opacity: .55;
}
/* affiliations: a slow strip of logos, faded at both ends */
.schools {
  margin: 26px 0 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, transparent, #000 14%, #000 86%, transparent);
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, transparent, #000 14%, #000 86%, transparent);
}
.schools .track { display: flex; width: max-content; }
.schools .set { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 64px; padding-right: 64px; }
.schools a { display: block; line-height: 0; opacity: .8; transition: opacity .2s ease; }
.schools a:hover { opacity: 1; }
/* sized by eye: between equal cap height and equal ink */
.schools img { height: 16px; width: auto; }
.schools .ucla img { height: 22px; }
.schools .ucsd img { height: 28px; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .schools .track { animation: drift 36s linear infinite; }
  .schools:hover .track { animation-play-state: paused; }
}
@keyframes drift { to { transform: translateX(-50%); } }
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .schools .set { gap: 40px; padding-right: 40px; }
  .schools img { height: 13px; }
  .schools .ucla img { height: 17px; }
  .schools .ucsd img { height: 22px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .schools { -webkit-mask-image: none; mask-image: none; }
  .schools .set[aria-hidden] { display: none; }
  .schools .track { width: auto; }
  .schools .set { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 14px 32px; padding-right: 0; }
}

footer {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 2px;
  margin-top: 16px; padding-top: 8px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--muted);
}
footer a { color: var(--muted); text-decoration-color: currentColor; }
footer a:hover { color: var(--link); }

/* ---------- motion ---------- */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .js .reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(6px); }
  .js .reveal.in { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: opacity .6s ease, transform .6s var(--ease); }

  /* contours grow out of the shoreline: coast first, then each line further inland and further out */
  .js .map .c {
    stroke-dasharray: 1;
    stroke-dashoffset: 1;
    animation: draw 2.6s cubic-bezier(.45, .05, .25, 1) calc(.15s + var(--i) * .13s) forwards;
  }
  .js .map .coast { animation-duration: 2.2s; }
  .js .map .wash, .js .map .sand { animation: rise 1.4s ease .2s backwards; }
  /* swell drifts, surf rolls up the beach and sinks in */
  .map .tide { animation: tide 9s ease-in-out 3s infinite alternate; }
  .map .surf { opacity: 0; animation: surf 6s ease-in-out calc(2.4s + var(--k) * -2s) infinite; }
}
@keyframes draw { to { stroke-dashoffset: 0; } }
@keyframes surf { 0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-9px); } 30% { opacity: .9; } 75% { opacity: .5; transform: translateY(0); } 100% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(1px); } }
@keyframes rise { from { opacity: 0; } }
@keyframes tide { to { transform: translateY(2px); } }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after { transition: none !important; animation: none !important; }
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}

/* ---------- tablet ---------- */
@media (max-width: 960px) {
  :root { --gutter: 36px; }
  .people { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
}

/* ---------- phone ---------- */
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  :root { --gutter: 20px; --year: 2.9rem; --lift: 92px; }
  body { padding-bottom: 0; font-size: 16px; }
  .map { top: -96px; height: 300px; }
  #page { padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 24px; box-shadow: 0 -10px 30px -18px rgba(40, 45, 50, .4); }
  nav { justify-content: space-between; margin: 0 -8px; }
  nav a { padding: 14px 8px 12px; font-size: 13px; }
  nav a::before { display: none; }
  nav a[href="#top"] { display: none; }
  header { padding-top: 24px; }
  h1 { font-size: 32px; }
  .subtitle { font-size: 16px; }
  section { margin-top: 32px; }
  .lede { text-align: left; hyphens: manual; -webkit-hyphens: manual; }
  .people { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 22px 16px; font-size: 13px; }
  /* the venue already carries the year, so the column goes */
  .rows.dated > li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .rows.dated time { display: none; }
  .rows.dated.pubs > li { grid-template-columns: 1fr 52px; }
  .pubs > li > span { padding-right: 16px; }
  .thumb, .thumb > img { width: 52px; }
  .thumb > img { height: 67px; }
  .toggle { padding: 10px 12px 10px 8px; }
}

/* ---------- paper ---------- */
@media print {
  .schools { -webkit-mask-image: none; mask-image: none; }
  .schools .set[aria-hidden] { display: none; }
  .schools .track { animation: none; }
  html, body { background: #fff; }
  body { padding: 0; font-size: 10.5pt; }
  .map, .orn, nav, .toggle, .skip, .peek { display: none; }
  #page { max-width: none; padding: 0; background: #fff; box-shadow: none; }
  .collapse { display: block; }
  .collapse .rows > li { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
  .js .reveal { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
  a { color: inherit; }
  .rows > li, .people li { break-inside: avoid; }
}